![]() Here’s what they look like for glycolic acid: as the ionised or dissociated form, which means it’s lost a H + and it has a negative charge (this is also called its conjugate base).as the free acid, which means it has no charge. ![]() They’re acids, which means they can exist in two forms: ![]() PH is a measure of how acidic or basic something is – a lower pH is more acidic, which means there’s a higher concentration of H + ions.ĪHAs and BHAs (alpha and beta hydroxy acids) are common exfoliating ingredients. This might also be useful if you’re into making your own acid products, or messing around with the strengths of pre-made products. The calculation is a bit fiddly to do every time, so I’ve developed an easy spreadsheet to help you predict the free acid content for a product, if you know the amount of the acid ingredient in it, and its pH. Since writing this post on the influence of pH on exfoliating acid skincare ingredients, I’ve had a lot of questions on how much active free acid there is in specific formulations.
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